市场对低碳氢的兴趣日益浓厚

据烃加工新闻2月14日消息称，随着全球领导人寻求能源解决方案，以帮助实现脱碳和提高能源安全，全球氢能转型市场似乎正沿着轨道成为一个主要的全球能源的燃料使用的势头。

根据GlobalData的数据，作为加速能源转型的一种方式，人们对低碳氢燃料的兴趣正在迅速增长，这目前代表着超过4200万吨/年的潜在产能。

GlobalData 能源转型分析师 Barbara Monterrubio 表示：“氢作为一种低碳或零碳能源在储能、建筑和交通等需求领域越来越受欢迎。许多国家已经开始考虑以氢为基础的经济来支持脱碳。目前，绿色氢在氢气生产中所占的份额很小，但考虑到各国和企业宣布的雄心勃勃的目标，绿色氢有望增加。”

到2021年底，低碳氢行业项目的产能超过4200万吨/年，其中大部分来自绿色氢，目前电解槽管道的产能接近300吉瓦。到目前为止，4200万吨/年的新产能中超过三分之二来自独联体地区、欧洲和大洋洲，其中87%和12%分别来自绿色和蓝色项目，不到0.5%来自紫色和蓝绿色项目。在2021年第四季度，33 个国家宣布新建低碳氢工厂，其中澳大利亚、智利和美国的项目为全球氢年产能增加了300万吨。

Monterrubio继续说道：“这些地区的国家正在推动氢的使用，是全球氢政策的领导者。它们也处于发展氢经济的有利地位，但可能需要进口来实现它们的低碳目标。”

澳大利亚在90个不同的绿色氢枢纽和项目中以超过800万吨/年的产能继续引领着世界的未来产能，在这些项目中，绿色氨出口项目将利用日本、韩国和中国对低碳氢需求的预期增长。由于天然气的低成本，北美和中东在蓝色氢产能方面领先。在北美，需求部门将包括炼油、化工、工业和运输。

Monterrubio补充说：“年对该行业来说是关键的一年，因为第一个大型项目有望达到最终投资决定(FID)阶段并开始建设。最近开始工程和采购工作的2吉瓦的沙特新能源(Neom)绿色氢项目就是这样。该项目计划于今年开工，到2026年竣工。”

朱佳妮 摘译自 烃加工新闻

原文如下：

Interest in low carbon hydrogen growing

With global leaders in search of energy solutions that help achieve decarbonisation and enhance energy security, the global hydrogen energy transition market seems to be on track to becoming a major global energy source in its own right with the fuels use gathering momentum.

Interest in low carbon hydrogen as a way to accelerate the energy transition is growing rapidly and the project pipeline now represents over 42 million tpy of potential capacity, according to GlobalData.

Barbara Monterrubio, Energy Transition Analyst at GlobalData, said: “Hydrogen is becoming popular as a low or zero-carbon energy source in demand segments such as energy storage, buildings, and transportation. Many countries have begun to consider a hydrogen-based economy to support decarbonisation. Green hydrogen presently has a small share in the hydrogen production mix but is poised to increase, given the ambitious targets announced by countries and companies.”

By the end of 2021, the low carbon hydrogen sector had over 42 million tpy capacity of pipeline projects, coming mostly from green hydrogen where the pipeline for electrolysers is now almost 300 GW. To date, over two thirds of the 42 million tpy of upcoming capacity is coming from the Former Soviet Union, Europe and Oceania, of which 87% and 12% comes from green and blue, respectively, with less than 0.5% coming from purple and turquoise projects. During 4Q21, 33 countries announced new low carbon hydrogen plants, with projects in Australia, Chile, and the US adding 3 million tpy capacity to the global hydrogen pipeline.

Monterrubio continued: “Countries in these regions are driving the use of hydrogen and are global leaders in hydrogen policy. They are also well-positioned to grow a hydrogen economy but will likely require imports to achieve their low carbon aims."

Australia continues to lead the world's upcoming capacity with over 8 million tpy across 90 different green hydrogen hubs and projects in the country, where green ammonia export projects are positioned to take advantage of the expected growth in low carbon hydrogen demand of Japan, South Korea and China. North America and the Middle East lead in blue hydrogen capacity due to the low cost of natural gas. In North America, demand sectors will include oil refining, chemicals, industry, and transportation.

Monterrubio added: “This year is crucial for the sector as the first large scale projects look to reach the final investment decision (FID) stage and start construction. This is the case with the 2GW Saudi Neom green hydrogen project in Saudi Arabia, which has recently started engineering and procurement works, and is looking to start construction this year for completion in 2026.”