绿氢将成为电力行业能源转型的改变者

据油气新闻网2月24日报道，根据GlobalData表示，氢对清洁能源转型的显著贡献使其成为电力行业的能源转型改变者。

这家领先的数据分析公司指出，在不断发展的氢经济中，电力行业可以利用氢作为更清洁燃料替代传统燃料的潜力。

GlobalData《电力中的氢气——专题研究》报告指出，虽然目前从可再生能源生产氢气的成本很高，但整个价值链上形成的势头正在加速氢气生产、传输、分销、零售、销售和终端应用程序的成本降低。现在是扩大低碳技术并降低其成本的时候了，以便氢技术可以被广泛利用。

炼油、制氨、甲醇、钢铁等行业已广泛使用氢气。随着氢在交通运输(燃料电池汽车)、建筑(氢混合)、发电等领域的应用进展，其将在向清洁能源的过渡中发挥关键作用。

GlobalData 的电力分析师 Sneha Susan Elias评论道，据国际能源署(International Energy Agency)的数据显示，目前在电力行业，氢的作用很小，在发电量中所占比例不到0.2%。然而，在不久的将来，这种变化很可能发生，因为氨气的混合可以减少现有传统燃煤电厂、氢燃气轮机和联合循环燃气轮机(CCGT)的碳影响。说到长期和大规模的储能，氢（以压缩气体、氨[NH3]或合成甲烷的形式）在平衡可再生能源电力供应和需求的季节性变化方面发挥着作用。

氢作为一种低碳或零碳能源越来越受欢迎。 绿氢的主要增长市场包括绿氢替代灰氢和储能、建筑和交通等新市场。

一些国家已经开始考虑以氢为基础的经济作为解决碳排放、能源稳定和气候变化问题的解决方案。绿色氢气目前在生产结构中所占的份额很小，但考虑到各国宣布的雄心勃勃的目标，绿色氢气有望增加。

通过欧洲碳中和（欧盟绿色协议）的氢战略，欧盟的目标是到2024年将可再生氢电解槽容量提高到6吉瓦，到2030年达到40吉瓦。印度于2021年公布了其国家氢能计划，目标是到2030年实现500万吨绿色氢生产。

澳大利亚的国家氢能战略计划建立氢能枢纽区域，在这些区域氢能用户位于同一地点，以利用现有用户或潜在的氢能市场。

Elias总结道，随着能源行业的全球领导者寻求解决方案，以帮助他们实现脱碳或提高能源安全，氢正稳步成为一种能源载体，它的使用势头正在增强。

郝芬 译自 油气新闻网

原文如下：

Green Hydrogen can be "game changer"for power industry

Hydrogen’s noteworthy contribution to clean energy transitions makes it a game changer for the power industry, says GlobalData. 

The leading data and analytics company notes that the power industry can leverage hydrogen’s potential as a cleaner burning alternative to conventional fuels in the evolving hydrogen economy.

GlobalData’s report, ‘Hydrogen in Power – Thematic Research’, notes that, while the cost of producing hydrogen from renewable energy sources is currently expensive, the momentum that has been built along the entire value chain is accelerating the cost reduction in hydrogen production, transmission, distribution, retail, and end-applications. Now is the time to scale up low-carbon technologies and lower their costs, so that hydrogen technology can be widely utilised.

Sectors such as oil refining and ammonia, methanol, and steel production have been using hydrogen extensively. Hydrogen will play a critical role in the transition to clean energy with the advancement of its applications in sectors such as transportation (fuel cell vehicles), buildings (hydrogen blending), and power generation.

Sneha Susan Elias, Power Analyst at GlobalData, comments: “Currently, in the power industry, hydrogen plays a minimal role and accounts for less than 0.2% of electricity generation, according to the International Energy Agency. However, a change is highly possible in the near future, as the mixing of ammonia can decrease the impact of carbon in existing conventional coal-fired power plants, hydrogen gas turbines, and combined-cycle gas turbines (CCGT). 

“When it comes to long-term and large-scale energy storage, hydrogen (in the form of compressed gas, ammonia [NH3], or synthetic methane) has a role to play in balancing seasonal variations in electricity supply and demand from renewable energy sources.”

Hydrogen is becoming popular as a low or zero-carbon energy source. The major growth markets for green hydrogen include green hydrogen replacing grey hydrogen and new markets such as energy storage, buildings, and transportation. 

Several countries have begun to consider a hydrogen-based economy as a solution to increasing carbon emissions, energy stability, and climate change issues. Green hydrogen presently has a small share in the production mix but is poised to increase, given the ambitious targets announced by countries. 

Through the Hydrogen Strategy for a Carbon Neutral Europe (EU Green Deal), the EU targets for a renewable hydrogen electrolyser capacity of 6 GW by 2024 and 40 GW by 2030. India unveiled its National Hydrogen Mission in 2021 and aims for 5 million tonne (MT) green hydrogen production by 2030. 

Australia’s National Hydrogen Strategy plans to set up hydrogen hubs regions wherein users of hydrogen are co-located to take advantage of existing users or potential hydrogen markets.

Elias concludes: “With global leaders in the energy industry in search of solutions that will help them to achieve decarbonisation or enhance energy security, hydrogen is on track to becoming an energy vector and its use is gathering momentum.”