据烃加工3月11日消息称，根据美国能源情报署(EIA)的数据，原油价格上涨、炼油厂产量下降以及馏分油消耗量增加导致馏份油名义价格（未经通胀调整）达到 2014 年以来的最高水平。
馏份油是一种燃料，包括柴油和取暖油。
自2021年初以来，由于卡车和铁路货运需求增加，美国对馏份燃料的需求一直很高。此外，2022年1月的寒冷天气导致今年冬季东北地区对取暖油的需求增加，该地区近20%的家庭依赖取暖油供暖。
尽管对馏份油的需求增加，但炼油厂的馏份油产量仍低于大流行前的水平，部分原因是对其他石油产品(如机动汽油和航空燃料)的需求增长相对较慢。
随着国内航空燃油需求的增加，炼油商正将更多生产从馏份转向生产更多航空燃油。当前的高需求和低产量的动态是导致美国馏份油库存持续提取的原因。根据 EIA 的“每周石油状况报告”（WPSR）数据，2 月 25 日美国东海岸的馏分油库存量为 3150 万桶，比前五年（2017-2021 年）同期的平均水平低 37%。
正如 EIA 最近的《本周石油分析》中所强调的那样，欧洲和亚洲的馏份油市场正经历着类似的低库存和高价格趋势。
朱佳妮 摘译自 烃加工
原文如下：
Increased demand and low inventories drive US distillate prices higher
Rising crude oil prices, low refinery production, and increased consumption of distillate fuel have contributed to the highest nominal (not adjusted for inflation) distillate prices since 2014, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Distillate is a category of fuel that includes diesel fuel and heating oil.
US demand for distillate fuel has been high since early 2021 because of increased demand for trucking and rail freight transport. Furthermore, cold weather in January 2022 contributed to increased demand for heating oil in the Northeast this winter, a region that relies on heating oil to heat almost 20% of its homes.
Despite increased distillate demand, refinery production of distillate remains below pre-pandemic levels, partly because of comparatively slower demand growth for other petroleum products such as motor gasoline and jet fuel.
As domestic jet fuel demand increases, refiners are shifting more of their production away from distillate to produce more jet fuel. The current dynamic of high distillate demand and low production is contributing to persistent distillate stock withdrawals in the US. According to data the EIA’s ‘Weekly Petroleum Status Report’ (WPSR), distillate stocks on the US East Coast measured 31.5 million bbl on 25 February, which is 37% less than the previous five-year (2017–2021) average for that time of year.
Europe and Asia are experiencing similar trends of low inventories and high prices in their distillate markets, as highlighted in the EIA’s recent ‘This Week in Petroleum’ analysis.
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