据美国钻井网站2022年6月17日报道，全球119家上市勘探和生产（E&P）公司发布的年度财务报告显示，去年原油和天然气总探明储量增加了192亿桶油当量。
美国能源信息署(EIA)表示，影响探明储量水平的因素有几个，其中一些因素取决于原油或天然气的价格。其他因素则取决于公司的行为，如销售、收购和勘探开发支出。
探明储量是指在现有的经济和作业条件下，通过地质和工程资料分析，可以合理确定可开采的油气资源的估计储量。
EIA以119家国内外企业向美国证券交易委员会(SEC)提供的公开财务报告和“能源评估”报告为基础进行了分析。
EIA的结论不代表全球勘探和生产部门，因为分析不包括未发表财务报告的私人公司。据估计，这119家上市勘探和生产公司在2021年的产量约占非欧佩克液体燃料总产量的60%。
尽管这些上市勘探和生产公司中有许多在全球开展业务，但也有一些是国有石油公司，其储量和业务集中在本国，如巴西。勘探和生产公司对其已探明的原油和天然气储量的评估每年都在变化，因为价格变化导致对现有储量的修订，新资源的扩展和发现，已探明储量的购买和销售，以及生产。
这份分析报告中的119家上市勘探和生产公司在2021年总共花费了2440亿美元用于勘探和开发，比疫情大流行前五年的平均水平低28%。通过提高采收率、扩展和发现，增加已探明的原油和天然气储量可以与勘探开发支出挂钩。通过购买和销售获得的探明储量代表公司之间的资产转移，包括此次分析之外的公司。
对探明储量的修正可能会受到原油和天然气价格变化的影响，而受勘探开发投资的直接影响较小。这些修正可增加或减少已探明储量。EIA解释说，当一家公司开采并出售已探明储量时，其产量会减少其探明储量。
李峻 编译自 美国钻井网站
原文如下:
EIA: 119 Publicly Traded E&P Firms Added Proved Reserves In 2021
Annual financial reports by 119 publicly traded exploration and production companies show aggregate proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas increased by 19.2 billion barrels of oil equivalent in 2021.
The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said that several factors affect proved reserve levels, some of which depend on the price of crude oil or natural gas. Other factors are based on company actions, such as sales, acquisitions, and spending on exploration and development.
Proved reserves are estimated volumes of hydrocarbon resources that an analysis of geologic and engineering data demonstrates with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions.
The EIA based its analysis on the published financial reports that 119 domestic and international companies provided to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and that evaluate Energy collected.
The Administration’s conclusions do not represent the global exploration and production sector because the analysis did not include private companies that do not publish financial reports. We estimate that the 119 companies in this analysis accounted for about 60 percent of total non-OPEC liquid fuels production in 2021.
Although many of these companies have global operations, some are national oil companies with reserves and operations concentrated in their home countries, such as Brazil. Company assessments of their proved reserves of crude oil and natural gas change from year to year because of revisions to existing reserves resulting from price changes, extensions and discoveries of new resources, purchases and sales of proved reserves, and production.
The 119 companies in this analysis collectively spent $244 billion on exploration and development in 2021, which is 28 percent less than the pre-pandemic five-year average. Additions to proved crude oil and natural gas reserves resulting from improved recovery and from extensions and discoveries can be linked to E&D expenditures. Proved reserves acquired through purchases and sales represent transfers of assets between companies, including companies outside of this analysis.
Revisions to proved reserves can be affected by changes in crude oil and natural gas prices and are less directly affected by E&D investment. These revisions may increase or decrease proved reserves. When proved reserves are extracted and sold by a company, that production reduces its proved reserves, EIA explained.
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